iek SONkIAw nt toly leI rMg mMc au~qy nwtk dI pySkwrI dw kwrj DI dy ivAwh ijMnw Kljgx huMdw hY[ jykr nwtkkwr Kud hI sMcwlk qy inrdySk hovy Pyr qW aus dI keI hPiqAW leI nINd hrwm huMdI hY[ BwvyN sONkIAw nwtk toilAW nUM A`j bhuq swrIAW shUlqW pRwpq hn iPr vI aunHW nUM keI muSiklW dw swhmxw krnw pYNdw hY[ ikAws kro A`j qoN A`DI sdI pihlW dI siQqI bwry[ iek nwtkkwr inrdySk dw audoN kI hwl huMdw hovygw[

mYN ipCly 60 swlW qoN pMjwbI rMg mMc nwl sbMDq hW[ 1938 qoN 1964 q`k Awpxy nwtkW dw mYN Awp hI inrmwqw qy inrdySk huMdw sI[ AwrMiBk pVwA ivc nwiek dw rol vI mYnUM Adw krnw pYNdw sI[ aus lMmy smyN dOrwn keI suKwvyN Aqy keI qlK qzrby hoey[

1944 ivc lwhOr ivc is`K XUQ kwnPrMs hoeI sI[ pRbMDkW ny Kwlsw kwlj Pwr vUmYn dw ivSwl rwqW do idnW leI smwroh leI lY ilAw[ kwlj dI kmytI dy kuJ mYNbrW ny sKq ieqrwj vI kIqw, ikauNik lVkIAW dw hostl vI ivc hI sI[ lVkIAW dy kwlj ivc nOjvwnW dI kwnPrMs krnw iesy qrHw sI ijvyN ByfW dy vwVy ivc biGAwVW nUM Ku`lHw C`f dyxw[

kwnPrMs dy dUjy idn nwtk pyS krn leI pMjwb Awrt iQeytr nUM s`dw id`qw igAw[ cMgw huMdw AsIN iek pUrw nwtk pyS kr idMdy[ swfy kol aus vkq do pUry nwtk iqAwr sn[ pr mYN aunHW idnW ivc hrI isMG nlUAw dy Gtnw BrpUr jIvn dI AwKrI rwq bwry iek iekWgI ilK irhw sI[ aus nUM kwnPrMs ivc pyS krn dw lwlc kr bYTw[ ies dw v`fw kwrx vI sI[ hrI isMG nlUAw dIAW do pVoqIAW kwlj ivc pVHdIAW sn[ aunHW ny Awpxy dwdy dy swry jMgI hiQAwr ilAwaux dw vwAdw kIqw[ AsIN KuSI nwl k`piVAW qoN bwhr ho gey[ AsIN Kub FMMforw ipitAw nlUAw srdwr bwry[ nwtk ‘sMdysw’ ivc AslI hiQAwr nwiek nUM puAwey jwxgy[ swfw iKAwl sI ik lokI hiQAwr dyK ky kwPI sMquSt hoxgy[ AsIN nlUAw dy ikrdwr leI pRIqm isMG BwtIAw nUM cuixAw[ auh Cy Pu`tw juAwn, ipCoN iPlm lweIn ivc vI cmikAw sI[

nwtk dy SoA leI AsIN itkt r`iKAw[ do Aqy pMj rupey itkt aunHW idnW dy ihswb nwl bhuq izAwdw sI[ sB qoN v`D itktW is`K nYSnl kwlj dy ividAwrQIAW ny KrIdIAW[ aunHW nUM kuVIAW dy kwlj ivc rwq smyN nwtk dyKx dw mOkw smJo r`b ny bKiSAw[ do swl pihlW pMjwb Awrt iQeytr ny l`BI vDIAw Adwkwr hrpRsqS nUM hrSrn kOr dw rol id`qw igAw[ auh bhwdwr lVkI rwq smyN hrI isMG nlUAw nUM jrnYl mhW isMG dw sMdySw lY ky jmrOt dy iklHy ivc jWdI hY[ ijQy nlUAw srdwr ibmwr ipAw sI[

‘sMdySw’ iekWgI nlUAw dI ShIdI vwlI rwq dI iek ieiqhwsk JwkI hY[ ies qoN ijQy nlUAw srdwr dI is`K rwj leI Awpw vwrU kurbwnI dw pqw lgdw hY auQy hrSrn kOr vI sUrbIrw qy infrqw dw vI pRmwx imldw hY[ ies nwtk ivc kwrj rwhIN pwqrW dw cir`qr auGVdw hY[ BwSw dI qIbrqw nwl gMBIr siQqI dw AnuBv krvwieAw igAw hY[ nlUAw mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG nwl Kwlsw rwj dy BivK bwry kuJ AqI zrUrI g`lW krnIAW cwhuMdw sI[ AMMq kI nwtkI moV dyx leI BwvyN pRSn icMnH nwl nwtk Kqm kIqw hY pr auh ieiqhwskwrW dI rwey ivc hrI isMG nlUAw mhwrwjy nUM Kwlsw rwj nUM lok rwj dw mSvrw dyxw cwhuMdw sI[

itktW qy SoA rKx krky swnUM iqAwrI vl vI vDyry iDAwn dyxw ipAw[ mMc sjwvt qy vyS BUSw is`K rwj smyN dy rKy[ jmrONt dy ikly dw Jaulw pwaux dw vI Xqn kIqw hrSrn kOr leI pTwxI iksm dw ilbws, burkw Awid AwswnI nwl iml gey sn[ KwlisAW ny muslmwn sMsQw qoN lVkIAW dw ‘prdw kwlj’ nvW nvW hI KrIidAw sI[ do FweI sO dy krIb muslmwn lVkIAW pVdIAW sn[ hrI isMG nlUAw dy AslI hiQAwrW nwl lYx pRIqm isMG BwtIAw bhuq hI pRBwvSwlI lgdw sI[ prdw cukx qoN pihlW AsIN Ardws krky pUry ivsvws nwl KylH SurU kIqw[ cwlI imMtW dw iekWgI ‘sMdysw’ pUrI sPlqw nwl pyS hoieAw[ Kub jYkwry boly[ vIh ku imMt AsIN gIq sMgIq dw progrwm pyS kIqw[

jdoN AsIN SoA Kqm hox dw AYLwn kIqw qW drskW ny Kws krky ividAwrQIAW ny bhuq rOlw pwieAw qy K`p pwauxI SurU kr id`qI[ aunHW ny sB qoN pihlW ibjlI dIAW qwrW qoVIAW[ swry kwlj ivc ibjlI buJx nwl hor vI Sor viDAw[ aunHW ny kMnwqW pwV idqIAW qy kursIAW cu`k cuk ky mwrIAW[ ieMnw BVQU pwieAw ik kuVIAW Jtpt cIkW mwrdIAw hostl vl dOV geIAW[ auh hor vI BUUqr gey[ Sihr dIAW AOOrqW ny kwlj dy kmirAW ivc pnwh leI[ swfy do pRbMDk aunHW dy kwbU Aw gey[ cMgw kutwpw kIqw[ sb`b nwl swfw KzwncI huiSAwr muMfw sI[ auh pYisAW dI QYLI lY ky Sihr nUM ns igAw jy auh aunHW dy kwbU Aw jWdw iPr AsIN dohW pwisAW qoN mwry jwxw sI[ pRIqm isMG BwtIAw styj qy cVH ky grijAw[ aus ny AYLwn kIqw ijhVy lVky itktW dy pYsy vwps lYxw cwhuMdy hn auh kwlj dy gyt qoN bwhr cly jwx[ pRbMDk aunHW dI bwhr aufIk kr rhy hn[ ies qrHW AsIN bVI clwkI qy huiSAwrI nwl SrwrqI muMifAW nUM kwljW dy muK gyt qoN bwhr k`Fx ivc sPl hoey[ fry hoey cONkIdwrW ny Jtpt iKVkI bMd kr idqI[ cwr pMj pRbMDkW dIAW jybW ivc ijMny ku rupey sn auh AsIN bhuq hI kwhly qy SrwrqI muMifAW ivc vMf id`qy[ KwlI jybW idKw ky AsIN bwkIAW nUM XkIn dvwieAw ik AsIN dUsry idn kwlj ivc jw ky sB dy pYsy vwps krWgy[ itktW sMBwl ky rKxIAW[ ies qrHW AsIN muMifAW qoN AwpxI jwn CufweI[

pr myrI musIbq ieQy Kqm nw hoeI[ dUjy idn mYnUM kwlj dI kmytI dy pRDwn swhmxy pyS hoxw ipAw[ mYN ausy kwlj dw AiDAwpk hox krky AjIb kuiVkI ivc Ps igAw sI, mYN koeI luk lukw nw riKAw[ s`co s`c sB kuJ d`s id`qw[ inmrqw sihq AwpxI glqI vI mMnI[ ieh vI ikhw ik kmytI nUM lVkIAW dy kwlj ivc nOjvwnW nUM kwnPrMs krn dI AwigAw nhIN sI dyxI cwhIdI[ kmytI dw pRDwn AMMimRqw pRIqm dw shurw sRI jgq isMG kuAwqVw sI[ AMMimRqw dy ipqw igAwnI krqwr isMG ihqkwrI myry sih AiDAwpk sn[ aunHW ny vI myrw swQ idqw[ hor vI kuJ mYNbrW ny frwmw dyiKAw sI[ sPl pySkwrI ny myrI jwn bcwaux ivc bhuq mdd kIqI vrnw kwlj dI nOkrI vI jwxI sI, tu`t B`j dw nukswn vI Brnw pYxw sI[