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BwrqI sµivDwn dy inrmwqw fw· bI·Awr· Aµbyfkr
- surjIq mjwrI

fgmgwauNdI AwriQkqw vwly pirvwr ivc jnm lY ky ivdvqw, Koj, igAwn dIAW isKrW nUM Cohx Aqy dyS dy rwjnIqk AkwS 'qy krIb A`DI sdI q`k Cwey rihx vwlI mhwn SKsIAq dw nW hY fw· bI·Awr· Aµbyfkr[ ies AsIm ruqby dI sr ip`Cy aunHW dI idRVH sµklp SkqI, bulMd cir`qr Aqy spSt idRStIkox dI Dwrnw sI[ ienHW dI smu`cI izµdgI dI Gwlxw sdkw Awm lukweI nUM Ku`sIAW hoeIAW s`uK shUlqW qW imlIAW hI, dUjy pwsy dunIAW Br ivc cricq Awzwd Bwrq dyS dI pRSwsink pRxwlI hoNd kwiem krky BwrqI sµivDwn dI sQwpnw kIqI[

mhU (mhwrwStr) 'c 14 AprYl 1891 nUM jnm bwAd surq sµBwlx dy smyN qoN hI Kud nUM dyS 'c hoeI AwriQk/smwjk kwxI vµf dw iSkwr hoxw ipAw[ jmwq dy kmry 'c svrn jwqW dy b`icAW nwl nhIN sI bYTx id`qw jWdw[ ieQoN q`k sk¨l ivc bYTx leI twt dw tukVw vI GroN lY ky jwxw pYNdw sI[ bwhr pey sWJy GVy ivcoN pwxI pIx dI vI mnwhI sI[ dilq smwj dI durdSw dw sµqwp ienHW qoN dyiKAw nw igAw[ jn-jIvn 'c cwr cuPyry huµdy glq vrqwry 'coN Bry mn nwl ivcrdy rhy[ smyN dI nzwkq nUM smJdy hoey iPr aunHW dyS dI aulJI qwxI bwxI sulJwaux leI dilq Aqy pCVy vrgW leI ividAw zrUrI smJI[ ies Dwrnw nwl auh aucyrI ividAw pRwpqI leI ju`t gey[

fw· Aµbyfkr ny kolMbIAw X¨nIvristI qoN AYm·ey·, pI-AYc· fI·, ausmwnIAw X¨nIvristI qoN fI· ilt·, lMfn X¨nIvristI qoN bwr AYt lwA, kolMbIAw X¨nIvristI ny aunHW nUM fw· AwP iPlwsPI Aqy lMfn X¨nIvristI ny fwktr AwP swieµs dI ifgrI pRdwn kIqI, iesy X¨nIvristI ny bwbw swihb fwktr Aµbyfkr nUM BwrqI sµivDwn iqAwr krn dy snmwn vjoN fwktr AwP lwA dI aupwDI nwl snmwnq kIqw[ aunHW dIAW ienHW swrIAW ividAk pRwpqIAW ny sµswr p`Dr 'qy dyS nUM brwbr rOSn kIqw[ mnu`KI AiDkwrW dI jµg lVn leI ies AnuBvI Aqy AxKI SKsIAq ny AµqrrwStrI p`Dr 'qy X¨nIvristIAW 'coN ifgrIAW hwsl krn qoN bwAd ienHW dy igAwn nUM sWJy rUp vjoN Aripq kIqw[ aunHW smyN nUM mu`K r`KidAW pVHo, juVo Aqy sµGrS kro dw nwArw bulMd kIqw, ijs qihq pihlW pCV cu`ky smwj ivc is`iKAw pRqI pRyr ky eykqw v`l nUM auqyijq kIqw qW ik piVHAw iliKAw smwj Awpxy h`kW pRqI jwgrUk ho ky Kud Aqy smwjk gulwmI dIAW zµjIrW qoV sky[ iesy jwigRqI dw iek ih`sw sI ik aunHW ‘pIpl AYjUkySn suswietI' dI buinAwd r`KI ijs ny is`iKAw sµsQwvW KolHIAW Aqy ividAk pRwpqI leI pyRirAw[

bwbw swihb ny is`tw k`iFAw ik rwjnIqk qwkq hI swrIAW sm`isAwvW dw h`l hY[ ieh qwkq hwsl krn dy mnSy nwl aunHW lokW nUM ‘iblt' rUpI ‘bolt' vot rUpI hiQAwr dI AihmIAq bwry d`isAw hI nhIN sgoN ies h`k nUM idvwieAw ijs nwl ieh qwkq hwsl kIqI jw skdI sI[ ies Aµdoln 'c nvIN jwn audoN BrI jdoN aunHW dIAW qkrIrW nwl lokW 'c jwigRqI AweI ik aunHW cOdwr qlwA 'coN pwxI pIx dy AiDkwr nUM AmlI rUp id`qw[ ies muihµm qihq kwlw rwm mµdr ivc dwKly dw morcw vI sr kIqw qy isKr audoN hoeI jdoN iek hor morcy dOrwn fw· Aµbyfkr ny C¨q-Cwq qy aUc-nIc nUM Dwrimk mwnqw pRwpq krn vwlI mnUM ismrqI nUM hzwrW lokW dI mOjUdgI ivc A`g dI Byt kIqw[ auh AwpxI g`l nUM lokW q`k phuµcwaux leI mIfIey nUM vI brwbr mh`qvpUrn mµn ky c`ly, ijs qihq aunHW smyN-smyN Koj gRµQW nUM iliKAw qW jo smwj dy ividAw pRwpq lok A`gy ivcwr skx Aqy nwl hI aunHW keI v`K-v`K AKbwrW dw vI pRkwSn kIqw[ ienHW AKbwrW 'coN mUk-nwiek, bihSikRq Bwrq, smqw Aqy jnqw Awid ny v`fI p`Dr 'qy qrQ`lI mcweI[

jdoN 1947 'c Bwrq dI AwzwdI qoN bwAd sµivDwn dI rcnw dI sm`isAw drpyS AweI qW ies leI 296 mYNbrW dI sµivDwn kmytI 'coN 7 mYNbrW ny hI KrVw kmytI 'c SmUlIAq kIqI ijs dw pRDwn fw· Aµbyfkr jI nUM cuixAw igAw[ ienHW dI AgvweI 'c iqAwr kIqw igAw sµivDwn 26 jnvrI 1950 nUM lwgU hoieAw[ ku`l kwienwq leI qwA izµdgI mwrg drSk bxn vwlI ieh mhwn SKsIAq 6 dsµbr 1956 nUM srIrk ivCoVw dy geI[


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