ies swl PrvrI iv`c mYnUM trYNt X¨nIvristI jo kYnyfw dy EntwrIE pRWq iv`c siQq hY, v`loN X¨nIvristI iv`c Aµqr-rwStrI qOr 'qy 'kYnyfw dy bhup`KI siBAwcwr' poRgrwm sbµDI Bwg lYx leI s`dw imilAw[ mYN kYnyfw dw vIzw pRwpq krky AwstrIAn eyAr lweIn rwhIN kYnyfw jwx leI rvwnw hoieAw[ iek nOjvwn h`Q nwl ryVx vwlI ryhVI ryVdw hoieAw myry nzdIk Aw ky Klo igAw Aqy aus ny mYnUM myrI pgVI vyK ky siq sRI Akwl bulweI[ mYN aus dw jvwb id`qw qW pu`Cx 'qy pqw l`gw auh mwlyrkotly dy koloN iek ipµf qoN 1980 qoN ieQy rih irhw sI Aqy auh A`j k`lH aus nUM 2000 X¨ro, imldy hn ikauN jo X¨rpIn X¨nIAn dw mYNbr auh kihx l`gw ik auh bVy Arwm nwl Awpxw swrw Krc k`F ky 1000 fwlr dy krIb bcw lYNdw hY Aqy aus nUM Bwrq Byj idµdw hY[ ieho vjHw hY ik aus ny ienHW 20 swlW iv`c koeI 25 ku eykV zmIn KrId leI hY Aqy BwvyN auh AwstrIAn dw SihrI hY pr iPr vI auh p`ky qOr 'qy pµjwb jw ky Awpxy ipµf iv`c rhygw Aqy suK dw jIvn jIvygw Aqy auh d`sx l`gw ik vIAwnw iv`c 8/10 hzwr pµjwbI rihµdw hY Aqy auQy gurduAwrw vI hY Aqy ieh pµjwbI Aksr Awps iv`c imldy rihµdy hn[ ies imlxI dw mYnUM kwPI AnMd AwieAw Aqy ieh vI Aihsws hoieAw ik BwvyN auh bhuq kmweI kr irhw hY Aqy ieQy ipCly 23 swlW qoN rih irhw hY pr aus dw idl Ajy vI pµjwb iv`c hY[ ieho vjHw hY ik auh p`ky qOr 'qy vwps jwx dI soc irhw hY[
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trWto Sihr bhuq KUbsUrq Aqy Xojnwbµd qrIky nwl bixAw hoieAw sI[ bhuq suµdr drKq, Pu`l, mKmlI hrw Gwh ijs nUM bVy Fµg nwl k`itAw hoieAw sI[ K`ulHy Gr Aqy hr Gr dy mgr lwAn Aqy sivimµgpUl auh Sihr, dyS dI ivSwlqw Aqy KuShwlI dI mUµh boldI qsvIr sI[ hor imlx vwly dosqW nUM swfy Awaux dI bhuq KuSI hoeI[ aunHW nwl g`lbwq krn 'qy pqw l`gw ik auh 1976 iv`c huiSAwrpur izly qoN auQy gey sn[ aunHW dy iqµny hI lVky ieµjInIAr sn Aqy trWto iv`c hI v`K v`K nOkrIAW 'qy l`gy hoey sn Aqy srdwr swihb Aqy aunHW dI pqnI hux irtwier ho cu`ky sn[ AsIN ijµnw icr vI aunHW kol bYTy rhy auh AµimRqsr Aqy huiSAwrpur dIAW g`lW krdy rhy[ huiSAwrpur aunHW dIAW pYlIAW iv`c AµbW dy drKq Aqy julweI dy mhIny AµbW dw p`k ky swrw idn drKqW qoN tpkdw rihxw Aqy AµbW dy rµg Aqy suAwd aunHW nUM Ajy qk nhIN sn Bu`ly jwpdy Aqy auh kihx l`gy ik ipµf iv`c l`kVW bwl ky drKqW Q`ly BuµnIAW hoeIAW m`kI dIAW C`lIAW dw suAwd kYnyfw dy iksy vI Pl iv`c nhIN[ TIk hY, audoN ruzgwr dI Kwqr ieQy Awey sW, hux vI vwr vwr auQy jweIdw hY pr b`icAW dw ieQy izAwdw idl lg igAw hY pr srdwr swihb Aqy aunHW dI pqnI qW Ajy vI Awpxy huiSAwrpur iv`c Aw ky vsxw cwhuµdy hn pr ies g`l iv`c b`cy rukwvt bx jWdy hn[ pµjwbI pRwhuxcwrI vjoN aunHW ny pkOVy bxwey sn ies qoN aunHW dI Apx`q dw Aihsws huµdw sI[
BwvyN 1960 qoN 1980 qk Bwrq qoN kwPI prvwsI kYnyfw gey sn pr ienHW iv`c A`iDAW qoN izAwdw igxqI pµjwbIAW dI sI[ auh pµjwbI BwvyN gey qW auQy ruzgwr dI Kwqr sn pr auh swry hI r`jy-pu`jy GrW dy nOjvwn lVky sn[ ies dI iek vjHw ieh sI ik iek qW hvweI jhwz dI itkt dw kwPI Krc Aw jWdw sI[ dUsrw aunHW dI AµgryzI dI pVHweI aunHW leI shwiek sI Aqy qIsrw aunHW dI ies dyS iv`c ruzgwr dy mOikAW dI jwxkwrI vI dUijAW qoN izAwdw sI[ iPr ijnHW dy vwikP jW irSqydwr pihlW gey hoey sn, aunHW dI nvyN jwx vwilAW nUM mdd iml jWdI sI[ ieh Bwrq iv`c BwvyN koeI vI Xogqw r`Kdy sn pr aunHW nUM auQy PYktrIAW, sVkW, sikauirtI, hotlW Aqy PwrmW Awid 'qy kµm krnw pYNdw sI Aqy ieh vI huµdw sI ik AnpVH, pVHy-ilKy lokW qoN izAwdw pYsy kmw lYNdy sn[ ieh prvwsI AwauNdy qW ies ierwdy nwl sn ik auh kuJ smW kµm krn qoN bwAd Bwrq vwps cly jwxgy pr kYnyfw dy inXm Aqy shUlqW krky auh ies qrHW dy m`kVI jwl iv`c Ps jWdy sn ik auh iPr vwps jwx dw socxw C`f idµdy sn[
ieh m`kVI jwl kI hY? auQy jw ky nvyN prvwsI nUM ikSqW 'qy Gr iml jWdw sI Aqy ies qrHW hI kwr Aqy Gr dw swmwn auh KrId lYNdy sn Aqy hr mhIny auh aus dIAW ikSqW idµdy jWdy sn[ ikSq t`utxw aunHW leI kwPI muSklW pYdw kr idµdw sI[ ies leI auh koiSS krdy sn ik ikSq nw tu`ty Aqy ies leI hr mhIny auh Enw icr surKrU nhIN sn huµdy ijµnw icr auh ikSq jogy pYsy pUry nhIN sn kr lYNdy[ ies shUlq krky iek qW auh iksy dy nwl nhIN sn rihµdy Aqy dUsrw aus dyS dw inXm vI ies qrHW dI iejwzq nhIN idµdw ik iek Gr iv`c do iqµn pirvwr rih lYx Aqy ieh siBAwcwrk qOr 'qy vI ieh TIk nhIN sI smiJAw jWdw[ Gr iml jwx krky auh Awpxy hor pirvwr nUM vI auQy bulw lYNdy sn[ iek Gr qoN do Gr KrId ley jWdy sn Aqy ikSqW dw islislw jwrI rihµdw sI[ ies leI auh ipCW v`l b`cq kr ky Byjx iv`c muSkl mihsUs krdy sn Aqy aus qrHW vI auQy dy mwhOl Anuswr koiSS krdy sn ik auh auQy smwjk snmwn nwl rihx[
trYNt X¨nIvristI ijQy mYnUM bulwieAw igAw sI auh trWto qoN koeI 180 iklomItr dUrI 'qy sI[
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svyry auT ky mYN svKqy hI iqAwr ho igAw qW ik X¨nIvristI iv`c kweIm nwl kwnPrµs iv`c Swml ho skW[ X¨nIvristI dy AYn ivckwr iek ndI vgdI sI[ aus ndI dy aupr iek pul nwl dovW pwisAW dy kYNps n¨µ joiVAw hoieAw sI[ X¨nIvristI dy iek pwsy iek bhuq v`fI JIl sI ijs dy kµFy 'qy bhuq hI KUbsUrq drKq Aqy bVI qrqIb nwl Pu`l augwey hoey sn[ kwnPrµs dI koAwrfInytr ims mYlwnI n¨µ iml ky AwpxI irhwieS leI kmrw pRwpq kIqw Aqy aus ivc Awpxw swmwn itkwieAw[ ies kwnPrµs ivc AwstrylIAw, AmrIkw, d`KxI korIAw, slovwkIAw Aqy pwiksqwn qoN vI fYlIgyt gey hoey sn[ kwnPrµs ivc BwSn suxn qoN bwAd dupihr dy Kwxy dw smW ho igAw Aqy AsIN kwrW 'qy bYT ky iek rYstorYNt ivc cly gey[
ijvyN ik auQoN dy lok izAwdw kµm krdy hn, ies qrHW hI X¨nIvristI ivc sI[ svyry 8 vjy qoN pihlW nwSqw Kw ky 8 vjy hI kwnPrµs dw pihlw sYSn SurU ho jWdw sI Aqy 1O vjy qoN pihlW dupihr dw Kwxw Kwx qoN bwAd vI sYSn cldy rihµdy sn[ iek g`l aunHW dI bVI AjIb l`gI jd ik auh swn¨µ Cy vjy hI rwq dy Kwxy leI rYstorYNt ivc lY gey pr iPr pqw l`gw ik kYnyfw ivc izAwdw lok 7O vjy qk rwq dw Kwxw Kw lYNdy hn[ ies dI iek vjHw ieh vI sI ik auh svyry svKqy auT ky kµmW-kwrW 'qy cly jWdy sn[ 24 jUn dI Swm n¨µ mYn¨µ aunHW ny Bwrq dI smwjk Aqy AwriQk hwlq 'qy bolx leI ikhw[ mYN koeI O Gµtw bolxw sI Aqy iPr suAwl hoxy sn, myry bol ky htx qoN bwAd mYn¨µ bhuq swry svwl pu`Cy gey ijs ivc rihx-sihx dI p`Dr, GrW dI hwlq, ruzgwr dI hwlq, audXoigk ivkws, ividAw Awid bwry keI suAwl pu`Cy gey[ bhuq swry lok ies g`l qoN hYrwn sn ik izAwdw hwlqW ivc ivAwh qoN pihlW lVkw, lVkI iek-dUjy n¨µ nhIN imly huµdy Aqy sWJy pirvwr dI sµsQw qoN vI auh lok hYrwn sn[ ieh suAwl-juAwb dw islislw koeI iek Gµtw cldw irhw Aqy myry qoN bwAd pwiksqwn dy pRoPYsr swihb ny bolxw sI pr auh auT ky kihx l`gw ik jo kuJ myry BwrqI im`qr ny ikhw, auh hI pwiksqwn bwry s`c hY[
26 qrIk n¨µ svyry jdoN AsIN iek-dUjy qoN judw hox l`gy qW hr iek ny Awpo-Awpxy kwrf id`qy Aqy iPr imlx dI aumId jqweI Aqy ieh vI ikhw ik jy koeI iksy n¨µ s`dy qW auh zrUr aus kol Awvy[ dunIAW dy v`K-v`K ih`isAW ivcoN auQy imlx vwly hr mrd, AOrqW ivc iek-dUjy nwl Apxq sI pr mn ivc ieh Sµkw zrUr sI ik Swied izµdgI ivc ies qrHW ieh swry iPr kdI vI nw imlx[
Awtvw ivc mYN do idn rihxw sI[ Awtvw dirAw Sihr dy A`D ivc vgdw hY[ ieh dirAw bhuq v`fw dirAw hY[ ies dy iek qrP AwntwrIE hY Aqy dirAw dy dUsrI qrP ibRitS kolµbIAw dw Awtvw Sihr hY[ dovW pwsy hI kyNdrI srkwr dy dPqr Aqy iemwrqW hn[ kYnyfw ivc AµgryzI Aqy PrYNc auQoN dIAW do srkwrI BwSwvW hn[ srkwrI kµmkwj ivc dovyN zbwnW vrqIAW jWdIAW hn[ PrYNc bolx vwilAW dI bhuq v`fI igxqI hY[ kYnyfw ivc bhu-p`KI siBAwcwr dI imswl ieQoN imldI hY ik auQy BwvyN ik A`DI vsoN X¨rpIn pRvwsIAW dI hY, iPr vI hor bhuq dySW dy lok auQy vs gey hn ijnHW ivc cInI, BwrqI, jmYkIn, APrIkI, pwiksqwnI, ietYlIAn, jrmn Awid hn[ auQoN dI gvrnr jnrl iek cInI AOrq sI jdoN ik auQoN dI kyNdrI srkwr ivc iek BwrqI is`K vI sI Aqy kuJ smW pihlW ibRitS kolMbIAw dw mu`K mµqrI vI iek pµjwbI aujl-dusWJ sI Aqy auQoN dy rwj pRbµD ivc Aqy pwrlImYNt ivc hor kOmW dI qrHW BwrqIAW dI numwieµdgI sI ijs ivc is`K kwPI igxqI ivc sn[ gurduAwry ivc kwPI lok kIrqn sux rhy huµdy hn[ kIrqn qoN bwAd kQw hoeI, Ardws Aqy iPr lMgr vriqAw igAw[ gurduAwry ivc kuJ pµjwbI ivc CpIAW AKbwrW vI peIAW hoeIAW sn ijnHW ivc izAwdwqr KbrW pµjwb bwry sn Aqy QoVHIAW KbrW kYnyfw ivc vsdy pµjwbIAW bwry Aqy kuJ ieSiqhwr sn[ auQy AKbwrW dw koeI mu`l nhIN huµdw Aqy auh muPq imldIAW hn Aqy auh Awpxw Krc ieSiqhwrW qoN k`Fdy hn[
gurduAwry ivc iek srdwr swihb fw· jrnYl isµG nwl myrI vwkPI myry jIjw jI ny krvweI Aqy aunHW ny d`isAw ik auh 1959 ivc kYnyfw Awey sn jdoN mYN aunHW n¨µ d`isAw ik mYN Kwlsw kwlj AµimRqsr pVHwauNdw hW qW aunHW dI KuSI dI koeI h`d nw rhI Aqy aunHW ny mYn¨µ dubwrw pu`iCAw ik qusIN Kwlsw kwlj pVHwauNdy ho ? myry ieh kihx 'qy ik mYN kwlj dy KyqIbwVI ivBwg ivc ieknwimks pVHwauNdw hW qW auh d`sx l`gy ik auh vI 1955 qoN 1959 qk Kwlsw kwlj dy KyqIbwVI ivBwg ivc pVHwauNdy rhy hn Aqy iPr aunHW ny Awpxy aus vkq dy swQIAW dy nW d`sy Aqy aunHW bwry iek`ly-iek`ly sbµDI, aunHW Aqy aunHW dy pirvwrW dw hwl pu`Cx l`gy[ auh kwlj dy swhmxy dIAW cwh, l`sI dIAW dukwnW, kwlj dIAW grwaUNfW, kµtIn, lwiebryrI Aqy hor AnykW hI g`lW pu`Cdy rhy Aqy ies qrHW jwpdw sI ik auh Ajy bhuq kuJ pu`Cxw-d`sxw cwhuµdy hn Aqy mYn¨µ ieµj l`gw ik BwvyN aunHW n¨µ ieQy rihµidAW 43 swl ho cu`ky hn pr idl aunHW dw Ajy vI pµjwb Aqy AµimRqsr ivc hI hY[
2O vjy myry jIjw jI mYn¨µ torWto Awaux vwlI b`s 'qy cVHw gey, aus b`s ny 7O vjy torWto dy myn b`s stySn 'qy phuµcxw sI[ mYN vyiKAw ik b`sW dw Awaux jW phuµcx dw jo smW id`qw jWdw sI, aus smyN Anuswr hI auQy phuµcdIAW sn[ b`s dI itkt 62 fwlr dI AweI Aqy b`s 'qy cVHn leI lweIn lg jWdI sI Aqy hr koeI AwpxI vwrI Anuswr b`s ivc bYT jWdw sI[ b`s ivc myry nwl iek nIgro lVkI bYTI hoeI, jo APrIkw qoN auQy pI·AYc·fI· dI ividAw hwsl kr rhI sI[ b`s ivc mYN iek`lw hI pgVI vwlw sI[ Swied ies krky aus lVkI ny myry koloN Bwrq bwry kwPI suAwl pu`Cxy SurU kr id`qy Aqy auh d`sx l`gI ik auh kYnyfw dI p`ky qOr 'qy vsnIk hY[ kYnyfw ivc X¨nIvristI dI pVHweI bhuq mihµgI hY Aqy Kws krky pRvwsIAW koloN hor izAwdw PIsW lY leIAW jWdIAW hn[ ividAwrQIAW n¨µ Cu`tIAW ivc Awpxy Krc krn leI kµm krnw pYNdw hY ijs sbµDI pRvwsIAW n¨µ vI iejwzq iml jWdI hY Aqy auh bwhrly dySW dy ividAwrQI Awpxw kwPI Krc kµm krky k`F lYNdy hn[
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(c)1999-2003, 5abi