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pr AmrIkw dy rwStrpqI jwrj buS ny qW g`dI 'qy bYTx swr hI iek Awpxw qrk-isDWq (fwktirn) GV ky lwgU krnw SurU kr id`qw sI[ buS ny 20 sqµbr 2002 ƒ 'AmrIkn nYSnl sikaUirtI strYitjI' bwry BwSn idµdy hoey ikhw sI ''X¨·AYs·ey· hux AwpxI 'AwzwdI' ƒ brkrwr r`Kx leI h`k-SuPw jW pySbµdI dy Xu`D lVygw[ jW ieauN kih lvo ijQy vI dunIAW iv`c AmrIkw ƒ ieh jwpygw ik Plwxw inzwm jW styt aus dy ierwidAW jW srdwrI kwiem r`Kx iv`c AiV`kw bx irhw hY aus auqy X¨·AYs·ey· POjI qwkq vrqygw['' ies srv-s`qwvwdI isDWq 'qy Aml kridAW AmrIkw ny ierwk 'qy hmlw kIqw[

ienHW hI iempIrIAl (swmrwj-vwdI) swizSW krky rwStrpqI buS ny ipCly do swlW iv`c keI AµqrrwStrI jW bhudySI smJOiqAW qoN iknwrwkSI kr leI sI[ r`iKAw mwihrW Anuswr ipCly keI mhIinAW iv`c AmrIkw keI bhudySI mwmilAW qoN munkr hoieAw hY ijvyN hiQAwrW dI dOV G`t krn vwly ifsAwrmwmYNt AYgrImYNt qoN, iksy dyS 'qy pihlW hmlw nw krn dy X¨·AYn·E· dy isDWq qoN jW iPr AwlmI pRdUSxqw ƒ G`t krn leI[ ikAwto protokol Awid qoN[ Aqy hwl hI iv`c X¨·AYn·E· dI sikaUirtI kONsl dI mnzUrI qoN bgYr hI, ierwk 'qy hmlw krnw AmrIkw dIAW ienHW swmrwjI cwlW dw hI iek ih`sw hY[

hW, ijvyN buS Awpxy qwnwSwhI qrk-isDWq ƒ dunIAW swhmxy, 'lokqµqr', 'AwzwdI' qy 'svY-r`iKAw' vrgy SbdW iv`c lpyt ky pyS kr irhw hY ausy qrHW ierwk auqy hmly ƒ jwiez Tihrwaux leI buS srkwr ny AijhI Fu`kvIN dlIl ƒ vwr vwr duhrwieAw hY ik AmrIkw ifktytr sdwm husYn ƒ lwhuxw cwhuµdw hY···'prjwqµqr' bhwl krnw cwhuµdw hY··· qy aus dI ierwkI lokW nwl koeI duSmxI nhIN hY[ sB qoN pihlW qW ieh hY ik iksy dyS iv`c zor nwl rwj pltw krnw hI AµqrrwStrI qOr 'qy pRvwnq rwjW jW stytW dy pRBUs`qw dy isDWq ƒ qoVnw hY[ ieh isDWq pRBUs`qw dI AKµfqw jW piv`qrqw ƒ kwiem r`Kx auqy AwDwrq hY Aqy ieh isDWq sYNkVy swlW dy AwpsI KUn-Krwby qoN bwAd au`Br AwieAw hY ijs krky smwj, dyS, dySW dIAW srkwrW Aqy aunHW dy prspr sbµDW dIAW kVIAW, POjI qwkqW dy qvwzn Aqy AµqrrwStrI vxj-vpwr Aqy AwpsI Awdwn-pRdwn dw iek lMbw islislw juiVAw hoieAw hY[

pr AmrIkw dunIAW dI ieko iek mhWSkqI hY jo hux dunIAW dy ies bµdobsq ƒ iek nvW rUp dyxw cwhuµdw hY[ iek Aijhw 'vrlf Awrfr' KVHw krnw cwhuµdw hY ijQy aus dI srdwrI byrok-tok Aqy mnmwny qrIky nwl kwiem ho sky[ ies krky AmrIkw ny ienHW swlW iv`c lgwqwr dUjyy dySW iv`c POjI dKl-AµdwzI dw islislw qyz kr id`qw hY[ nwly sovIAq X¨nIAn dy FihFyrI hox ip`CoN AmrIkw dunIAW dI ieko iek mhWSkqI bcI hY[ so auh AwpxI mnmrzI kr rhI hY[

AmrIkw dy ieiqhws 'qy ip`Cl-Jwq mwrIey qW ieh ipCly lMby smyN qoN dUjy dySW iv`c POjI kwrvweIAW krdw Aw irhw hY; ijvyN aus ny 1898 iv`c spyn qoN iPlpIn, ikaUbw Aqy ipaUrtorIkw Kohy, 1917-18 dy pihly sµswr Xu`D iv`c ku`d ipAw qy dUjy AwlmI Xu`D (1941-45) q`k X¨rp dy mulkW nwl lVdw irhw[ jpwn dy SihrW nwgwswkI qy hIroSImw auqy AYtmI bµbW nwl hzwrW isvlIAn lokW ƒ mwrn dw auh doSI hY[ iPr korIAw dI jµg SurU kr id`qI ijs dy 1953 iv`c Kqm hox ip`CoN vIAqnwm dI lVweI lgw id`qI ijhVI 14 swl q`k c`ldI rhI[ iPr 1970vyN qoN imfl eIst qy KwVI dy mulkW iv`c lgwqwr POjI iSrkq kr irhw hY[ ip`Cy ijhy 1989, iv`c jdoN Coty ijhy mulk pYnwmw iv`c POjW Byj ky Awpxy v`loN hI auQy rwj Bwg auqy ibTwey nOrIAYgw ƒ Aiqvwd PYlwaux dy bhwny bµdI bxw ilAw[ Asl iv`c nOrIAYgw AmrIkw-p`KI svyz-nihr dy smJOqy dI imAwd pu`gx qoN bwAd dubwrw A`gy vDwaux dy h`k iv`c nhIN sI[ iqµn ku swl pihlW X¨goslwvIAw iv`coN Al`g hoey kosovo auqy AmrIkw ny KUb bµbwrI kIqI Aqy ipCly swl APgwinsqwn auqy Awpxy v`loN s`qw auqy ibTwey qwilbwn auqy hvweI hmly krky rwj Bwg qoN lwh id`qy Aqy Awpxy hI mulk dI iek qyl kµpnI dy mYnyjr muhµmd krzweI ƒ s`qw sONp id`qI[

Asl iv`c AmrIkw KwVI dy mulkW iv`coN APgwinsqwn rwhIN qyl smuµdrI bµdrgwh q`k lY ky jwxw cwhuµdw hY ijQoN ik qyl A`gy smuµdrI jhwzW rwhIN ssqy BwVy iv`c loVINdy QwvW qy FoieAw jw skdw hY[ KwVI dy mulkW iv`c dunIAW dy 70 pRqISq qyl Bµfwr hn[ swaudI Arb qoN bwAd dUjy nMbr dy qyl Bµfwr ierwk iv`c hn ijnHW dw Aµdwzw 115 qoN 250 iblIAn bYrl q`k lwieAw jw irhw hY[

KYr, AmrIkw hmySw AwriQk ih`qW ƒ mu`K r`K ky jW srdwrI ƒ kwiem r`Kx leI is`DI-Ais`DI POjI kwrvweI dunIAW dy hor ih`sy iv`c krdw Aw irhw hY[ smyN qy siQqI muqwbk kdy lokqµqr bhwl krn dw Aqy kdy Aiqvwd ƒ Kqm krn dy nwAry idµdw Aw irhw hY[ ipCly kuJ smyN qoN qW BwrqI styt vI AwpxI AµdrUnI rwjsI zrUrq krky jW pwiksqwn dy haUey ƒ kwiem r`Kx leI Aijhy hI iksm dy Aiqvwd dy Kqry dw KUb pRcwr krdI Aw rhI hY[ Swied iesy krky Bwrq iv`c AmrIkw v`loN Aiqvwd dy vDdy Kqry dy pRwpygµfy dw bhuq Asr hoieAw Aqy bhuqy ihµdusqwnIAW leI vI Eswmw-ibn-lwidn Awqµkvwd dw KOPnwk pRqIk bx ky au`Br AwieAw hY[ kwPI v`fI igxqI BwrqI vsoN leI s`dwm husYn vI iek ifktytr hY Aqy aus ƒ auqwr ky pRjwqµqr ilAwaux dy AmrIkI nwAry aunHW ƒ bhuq auqSwihq krdy hn Aqy auh ies 'scweI' ƒ AmlI rUp iv`c qbdIl hoeI vyKxw cwhuµdy hn[

ies dw kwrn isrP AmrIkI mIfIey dI lgwqwr qy zordwr pySkwrI hI hY, ijs ƒ Bwrq styt ny KulHm-Ku`lHI iejwzq dy r`KI hY[ hux qW Bwrq ny ivdyS nIqI AmrIkw-p`KI bxw leI hY[ pwiksqwn Aqy Bwrq AwpxI sOkxW vwlI lVweI lV rhy hn[ dovyN mulk hI 'sOkxW vwlI lVweI' lV ky AmrIkw ƒ KuS r`Kxw cwhuµdy hn Aqy aus ƒ Awpxy v`l hI iK`c ky r`Kxw cwhuµdy hn[ ies krky AmrIkw dI KuPIAw eyjµsI sI·AweI·ey· v`loN KVHI kIqI tI·vI· kµpnI sI·AYn·AYn· dw lgwqwr is`Dw pRswrx BwrqI dUrdrSn 'qy ho irhw hY[ XwnI ik ihµdusqwnI lokW ƒ bOiDk Kurwk, qrk sµgq, AµqrrwStrI GtnwvW bwry jwxkwrI Aqy ivSlySx Ais`Dy qrIky nwl sI·AweI·ey· v`loN hI idSw inrDwrq kIqw jw irhw hY[ Bwrq ivc mIfIAw ivc kµm krn vwly bhuqy p`qrkwrW ƒ vI pqw nhIN hoxw ik ierwk ivc c`l rhy AmrIkI hmly dI hr ^br sI·AYn·AYn· dy irportr pihlW Awpxy hY`f-kuAwrtr (AtlWtw AwiPs) ivc Byjdy hn Aqy iPr auh loVINdI kWt-CWt qoN bwAd irlIz huµdI hY[ BwrqI mIfIAw ikµnw ku AmrIkI inaUz AprySn qoN pRBwvq ho igAw hY, ies dw Aµdwzw ies scweI qoN l`g skdw hY ik 1991 vwly AmrIkw-ierwk Xu`D vyly sI·AYn·AYn· ny Awpxy tI·vI· cYnl dIAW ^brW dy pRswrx leI id`lI dy iek pµj-qwrw hotl dy iek hwl ivc bµdobsq kIqw sI[ v`fIAW v`fIAW A^bwrW qy inaUz eyjµsIAW dy p`qrkwrW ƒ bynqI p`qr Byj ky auQy bulwieAw jWdw sI pr A`j BwrqI mIfIAw sI·AYn·AYn· v`loN id`qIAW ^brW auqy koeI pRSn icµnH nhIN lwauNdw Aqy auh buS srkwr dy pRwpygµfy dw iek 'suXog' vwhn bx igAw[

^Yr, ifjItl tYknwlojI dy Awaux krky ienPrmySn qknIk (AweI·tI·) ivc ienklwbI qbdIlIAW hox krky hux AmrIkw Awpxy ierwk aupr POjI hmly dI AslIAq Aqy KwVI mulkW leI GVI k¨tnIqI qy swizSI mnsUibAW qy cwlW auqy prdw pw ky nhIN r`K sikAw[ iesy krky Swied ieh pihlw mOkw hY ik AmrIkw dy iksy dyS 'qy hmly dw ivroD dunIAW dy hr mulk ivc hoieAw hovy[ byS`k srkwrW AwpxIAW igxqIAW-imxqIAW ivc aulJIAW rhIAW hn pr lokW ny v`fy v`fy jlUs-muzwhry k`Fy hn[ ieQoN qk ik vwiSµgtn, inaUXwrk vrgy AmrIkI SihrW ivc X¨·AYs·ey· vsnIkW ny Kud vI buS srkwr dIAW pswrvwdI, dµBI Aqy ihµswvwdI nIqIAW dw ivroD kIqw hY[

ieQoN qk ik rwStrpqI buS dI pwlq¨ tonI blyAr dI ibRitS srkwr, jo hmly ivc Swml hY, dw lMfn vwsIAW ny ft ky ivroD kIqw hY[ brqwnvI srkwr dy iqµn mµqrI AsqIPw dy gey hn[ Aijhw Swied pihlI vwr hoieAw hY ik AmrIkw ƒ sikaUirtI kONsl ivcoN Awpxw ierwk sbµDI mqw vwps ies krky lYxw ipAw ik PrWs qy rUs ies dw ivroD krn dw zwihrw AYlwn kr cu`ky sn[

ierwk auqy hmlw AmrIkw-brqwnIAw ƒ ikµnw ku mihµgw pYNdw hY, ieh qW bwAd dy ivSlySx qy AµdwizAW dw ivSw hY pr hmlw krn qk ijhVI pRikirAw hoeI, aus ivcoN kuJ Aijhy q`Q auBr ky A`gy Awey hn ijnHW ny AmrIkI swmrwj dy mnsUibAW auqy svwlIAw icµnH lgw id`qy hn[ ijvyN dunIAW dy lokW, Kws krky AmrIknW v`loN ivroD pRdrSnW dI BwvyN AmrIkw ny A`j qW pRvwh nhIN kIqI pr Awaux vwly idnW ivc aus dI hr swmrwjI cwl jnmq qoN Asr-Aµdwz hoey bgYr nhIN rih skygI Aqy jnmq ƒ AmrIkI swmrwjI srkwr dI vsIh mIfIAw mSInrI Awpxy zor nwl Awpxy muqwbk GV-qrwS nhIN skygI[ 'prjwqµqr ilAwauxw', 'ifktytr ƒ lwhuxw' jW 'Aiqvwd' ƒ Kqm krn vrgy luBwauxy muhwvry Aqy Sbd hux lokW ƒ lMmw smW mUrK bxw ky nhIN r`K skdy[ hux ieµtrnY`t dIAW AnykW vY`bsweItW qurµq idKw idµdIAW hn ik AmrIkw ny hmySw qwnwSwhI rwjW dI mdd kIqI hY Aqy hmySw hI lokqµqrI AµdolnW ƒ dbwaux ivc ifktytrW qy zwlm srkwrW dI ip`T pUrI hY[

hux ieµtrnY`t vwlI ifjItl qknIk ƒ koeI srkwr vI Awpxy kwbU ivc nhIN r`K skdI[ ies dI phuµc dunIAW dy hr ih`sy ivc hY[ iesy krky pVHy-ilKy ierwkI bgdwd Aqy hor SihrW ivcoN ieµtrnY`t rwhIN AmrIkI-brqwnvI POjW dy zulm, D`ky jW buzidlI dI dwsqW dunIAW dy kroVW lokW qk hr roz phuµcw rhy hn[ AmrIkI mIfIAw v`loN pyS pRwpygµfw ies qrHW lgwqwr byprd ho irhw hY[ k`lH ƒ nY`t vwlIAW sUcnwvW ikqwbW dy rUp ivc lokW qk phuµc jwxgIAW[

ies ierwkI GtnwkRm dOrwn PrWs Aqy rUs dw AmrIkw swhmxy ih`k k`F ky KVHy ho jwxw- iek SuB Sgn hY Aqy sµswr p`Dr 'qy AmrIkw-ivroDI dUjI iDr dy KVHy hox dIAW sµBwvnwvW rOSn huµdIAW hn[ ies qoN ielwvw romn, grIk, EtomYn vrgIAW slqnqW dw pqn audoN SurU ho igAw sI jdoN aunHW dI Swsk jmwq iBRStwcwr ivc gRsI geI sI Aqy aus ƒ AwpxI hr isAwsI cwl ƒ jwiez Tihrwaux leI slqnq dy Aµdr qy bwhr, ihµsw Aqy hiQAwrW dI vrqoN krnI peI sI[

AmrIkw ienHW swrIAW ibmwrIAW dw iSkwr ho igAw hY; AYnrwn vrgIAW v`fIAW bhudySI kµpnIAW dIAW hyrw-PyrIAW ivc v`fy isAwsI nyqw Swml hn, dyS AwriQk mµdvwVy dI mwr ivcoN nhIN inkl irhw[ hux AmrIkI vsnIk ierwk auqy kIqy hmly dw jvwb mµgdy hn Aqy buS izAwdw qoN izAwdw qwkq vrqx dy rONA ivc hY[

ierwk auqy POjI hmlw AmrIkI srkwr dI iek qrHW buKlwht ƒ vI zwihr krdw hY Aqy ho skdw hY ik ieh swmrwj ƒ pqn v`l iK`c ky lY jwvy[