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inq roz ivkisq kIqI jw rhI nvIN kµipaUtrI qknwlOjI dI bdOlq A`j hryk Kyqr iv`c kµipaUtr dI loV mihsUs hox l`g peI hY[ kµipaUtr dI lokipRAqw dw iek kwrn ielYktRoinks audXogW iv`c hoieAw bhup`KI ivkws vI hY[ ielYktRoinks audXogW dy AwpsI mukwbly Aqy nvIN qknwlojI dI bdOlq A`j kµipaUtr hwrfvyAr Bwv BOiqk kl-purizAW dIAW kImqW Gtx kwrn kµipaUtr idno-idn ssqy hµudy jw rhy hn[ qv`ko hY ik Awaux vwly idnW iv`c kµipaUtr Awm AwdmI dy KrIdx dy Xog ho jwxgy qy pyNf¨ KyqrW iv`c ies dI vrqoN hor vI vD jwvygI[

A`j kµipaUtr dI vrqoN audXogW, pulwV qknwlojI, sµcwr, jnqk kµmW, lwiebryrIAW, mOsm ivBwg, is`iKAw, ivigAwnk KojW, ieµjInIAirµg, AµkVw inXµqrx Awid KyqrW iv`c v`fy p`Dr 'qy kIqI jw rhI hY[ hQly lyK iv`c kµipaUtr nwmk AnoKI ielYktRoinks mSIn dy v`K v`K KyqrW iv`c vrqoN bwry ivsQwr nwl jwxkwrI id`qI jw rhI hY[

kµipaUtr dI vrqoN:-

sµcwr dy Kyqr iv`c:

sµcwr dy Kyqr iv`c kµipaUtr ny bhuq m`lW mwrIAW hn[ sUcnwvW Aqy AµkiVAW ƒ qwrW Aqy KlwA dy zrIey iek QW qoN dUsrI QW q`k phµucwaux leI kµipaUtr dw mh`qvpUrn Xogdwn hY[ kµipaUtr dI shwieqw nwl A`j ielYktRoink fwk ArQwq eI-myl Aqy kµipaUtrI qwxy-bwxy 'qy AwDwrq Aiq drjy dI gµuJldwr qknwlojI 'ieµtrnY`t' hoNd iv`c Aw c`ukI hY jo hzwrW mIlW q`k p`srI ies dunIAW ƒ sµugoV ky 'globl ipµf' dw rUp dy rhI hY[ iesy qrHW lokl eyrIAw nY`tvrk (lYn) Aqy vweIf eyrIAw nY`tvrk (vYn) kuJ nyVly jW duryfy dy kµipaUtrW dw AwpsI sbµD kwiem krn vwlI lwhyvµd qknIk hoNd iv`c Awaux kwrn sµcwr dy sBy kµm suKwly ho gey hn[

kµipaUtr ƒ sYNtrl sivicµg sYNtr Bwv tYlIPon AYkscyNjW dw iSµgwr mµinAw jWdw hY[ g`l krn vwly (kwlr) Aqy g`l suxn vwly (kwilMg pwrtI) iv`c ielYktRoinks aupkrxW dy zrIey 'AwfIE' sbµD sQwpq krn Aqy 'p`uCig`C' suivDwvW muh`eIAw krvwaux leI kµipaUtr lgwey jWdy hn[ Kws tYlIPon sunyihAW ƒ irkwrf krn qoN lY ky ib`lW dI AdwiegI Awid kµipaUtr dy zrIey kIqI jWdI hY[ glq nMbr fwiel krn auprµq swfy kµnIN pYx vwlIAW inrdySk AwvwzW vI kµipaUtr rwhIN ByjIAW jWdIAW hn[

hvwbwzI dy Kyqr iv`c

hvweI jhwzW dI sm`ucI kwrjpRxwlI Aqy pwielt dIAW gqIivDIAW Awid kµipaUtr auqy AwDwrq hn[ hvweI jhwz dw vwX¨ dbwA, qwpmwn, aucweI, dUrI, rPqwr Awid auqy mwnv pwielt duAwrw inXµqrx r`Kxw bhuq AOKw hY[ Aijhy kµmW leI jhwz dy v`K v`K kl-purizAW Aqy pwielt iv`c AwpsI qwlmyl sQwpq krn leI jhwz iv`c kuJ Coty kµipaUtr iP`t kIqy jWdy hn[ Aijhy kµipaUtr smyN smyN 'qy pwielt ƒ sUcnwvW idµdy rihµdy hn qy keI hwlqW iv`c ieh jhwz dy iksy ih`sy iv`c AweI KrwbI bwKUbI ibnW mwnv pwielt dI aufIk kIiqAW TIk kr lYNdy hn[

hux hvweI jhwzW iv`c sPr krn leI sItW dw rwKvWkrn kµipaUtrW rwhIN kIqw jwx lg ipAw hY[ dunIAW dy kony-kony 'qy bYTy eyAr-lweIn eyjµtW qoN iksy vI smyN AwpxI shUlq Anuswr sItW rwKvIAW krvweIAW jw skdIAW hn[ ieh sB kuJ kµipaUtr dI hoNd sdkw hI sµBv ho sikAw hY[ eyAr-lweIn dy dPqr jW iPr eyjµt ƒ iml ky iksy hvweI jhwz iv`c Br c`ukIAW Aqy KwlI bcIAW sItW bwry pUrI jwxkwrI pRwpq kIqI jw skdI hY[

nvyN pwieltW ƒ isKlweI dyx leI kµipaUtr iek cµgy ieµstrktr dw rol Adw kr rhy hn[ ieh kµipaUtr jhwz dy aufwx Brn qoN lY ky vwps Awaux q`k dy swry smyN iv`c pwielt v`loN kIqIAW geIAW ikirAwvW dw sm`ucw irkwrf r`Kdy hn[ pwielt v`loN ley gey glq AYkSnW ArQwq B`ulW dw lyKw-joKw Aqy blYk bwks ƒ pVHn leI kµipaUtr hI vrqy jWdy hn[ ies pRkwr AsIN kih skdy hW ik isKlweI lY rhy pwieltW leI kµipaUtr iek Xog AiDAwpk Aqy cµgy im`qr dw rol Adw kr rhy hn[

AwvwjweI Aqy tRYiPk:

bymuhwry vwhnW ƒ n`Q pwaux leI kµipaUtr Aihm ikrdwr Adw kr rhy hn[ FoAw-FuAweI dy kµmW iv`c vrqy jwx vwly vwhnW ƒ inXµiqRq krn leI kµipaUtr v`D ky A`gy Aw rhy hn[ Bwrq dy sB qoN v`fy Adwry 'ryl' iv`c kµipaUtr dI vrqoN v`fy p`Dr 'qy kIqI jw rhI hY[ ryl ivBwg duAwrw kµipaUtr dI vrqoN smW-swrnI bxwaux, itktW k`tx Aqy cY`k krn qoN lY ky kWtw bdlx vwlIAW mSInW dI kwrjpRxwlI ƒ kwbU hyT r`Kx leI kIqI jw rhI hY[

smµudrW iv`c c`lx vwlIAW pxf`ubIAW, ikSqIAW Aqy smµudrI jhwzW dw sm`ucw inXµqrx pRbµD vI kµipaUtr dy h`QW 'c hY[ pxf`ubIAW iv`c ryfIE sµkyqW duAwrw sbµD sQwpq krvw ky kµipaUtr duAwrw mwrg drSn krvwieAw jWdw hY[

BIV-BV`ky vwly cOkW iv`c byqhwSw tRYiPk ƒ kµtrol krn leI tRYiPk pulIs dy nwl kµipaUtr vI iek s`cy swQI Aqy pihrydwr dI qrHW kµm kr rhy hn[ kµtrol krnw prµprwgq qrIky nwloN lwBdwiek Aqy vDyry Brosymµd hY[ tRYiPk lweItW dy au`cy QµimAW 'qy l`gy kloz srikt tI·vI· kYmry inXµqrx rUm iv`c bYTy auprytr ƒ tI·vI· rwhIN v`K v`K cOkW dy idRS idKwauNdy rihµdy hn[ ieQy ieh d`sxXog hY ik v`K v`K cursiqAW dy idRSW ƒ iek inrDwrq Aµqrwl mgroN idKwaux dI sm`ucI pRxwlI kµipaUtr rwhIN kµtrol kIqI jWdI hY[

fwktrI:

fwktrI dy Kyqr iv`c kµipaUtr dI mµg idn pRqI idn vDdI hI jw rhI hY[ nvIAW dvweIAW Aqy rswiexW dy Koj kµmW iv`c kµipaUtr mohrI bx ky ivcr rhy hn[ A`j v`fy v`fy hspqwlW iv`c mrIzW dy k`pVy Dox, nhwaux, dvweI dyx, ksrq krvwaux Awid dy kµmW leI kµipaUtrI inrdySW 'qy kµm krn vwly robt vrqy jWdy hn[ keI kµipaUtr kuJ Kws ibmwrIAW dI jWc krn auprµq Kud AwpxI hI mrzI Anuswr mrIz ƒ dvweI Kwx dI isPwrS kr skdy hn[ kµipaUtrW 'qy kµtrol hox vwly Aiq-sUKm robt mn`uK dy sµvydnSIl AµgW dw AprySn krn leI vrqy jWdy hn[ ryfIE qrµgW dI vrqoN kr ky Aijhy kµipaUtr AwDwrq robt fwktr ƒ hzwrW mIlW dI dUrI 'qy bYT ky mrIz dw AprySn krn dI suivDw pRdwn kr rhy hn[ mYfIkl kwljW iv`c isKlweI lY rhy is`iKAwrQIAW leI kµipaUtr iek cµgy AiDAwpk dw kµm krdy hn[ kµipaUtr is`iKAwrQIAW dIAW fwktrI kµmW iv`c kIqIAW geIAW ikirAwvW auqy nzr r`Kdy hn qy glq kmWf jW CyVKwnI 'qy glqI dw Aihsws krvwauNdy hn[ idmwg dy AprySn dOrwn kµipaUtr iek cµgy qjrbykwr srjn dI BUimkw inBwauNdy hn[ iek ivSyS pRkwr dw kµipaUtr idmwg dIAW ibjleI ikirAwvW dw mwp-qol krdw hY[ ies pRkwr idmwg dw gVbVI vwlw Bwg kµipaUtr dI mdd nwl jldI hI l`B ilAw jWdw hY[

lwiebryrIAW iv`c:

A`j dw kµipaUtr ividAk sµsQwvW dIAW lwiebryrIAW dy drvwizAW 'qy cVHdy sUrj vWgU dsqk dy irhw hY[ kµipaUtr duAwrw iqAwr kIqw lwiebryrI dIAW ikqwbW dw qqkrw ividAwrQIAW Aqy lwiebryrIAn leI kwPI mddgwr swbq hoieAw hY[ lwiebryrI dy kµipaUtr iv`c vriqAw jwx vwlw Kws iksm dw swPtvyAr ividAwrQIAW ƒ eISU kIqIAW Aqy vwps moVIAW ikqwbW dw ihswb-ikqwb r`Kdw hY[

vwX¨ mµfl ivigAwn:

kµipaUtr AwDwrq mOsm aup gRih vwX¨ mµfl ivigAwn Aqy mOsm ivBwg iv`c AwpxI invyklI pihcwx bxw c`uky hn[ vwXU dbwA Aqy b`dlW, pOxW, qwpmwn Awid dI siQqI dw jwiezw lwauxw vwX¨ mµflI kµipaUtrW rwhIN hI sµBv ho sikAw hY[ mOsm sbµDI BrosyXog jwxkwrI iek`qr krn leI bhuq hI SkqISwlI kµipaUtrW dI loV pYNdI hY[ ies mµqv leI Bwrq Awpxy supr kµipaUtr prm-10,000 ƒ vrq irhw hY[ supr kµipaUtrW duAwrw mOsm sbµDI muh`eIAw krvwey gey AµkVy mwnv AtklbwzIAW nwloN vDyry cµgy, pRBwvSwlI Aqy BrosyXog hµudy hn[

is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c:

is`iKAw dy Kyqr iv`c kµipaUtr ƒ keI FµgW nwl vriqAw jw irhw hY[ v`K v`K jmwqW dI smW-swrnI iqAwr krnI, ipµRitµg krnI qy ilKqI KrVy ƒ stor kr ky r`Kxw Awid sB kµipaUtr rwhIN bhuq hI QoVHy smyN iv`c kIqy jwx vwly kµm hn[ ivigAwn Aqy ieµjInIAirµg dI pVHweI vwly ividAwrQI kµipaUtr dI vrqoN gixqk gxnwvW krvwaux leI krdy hn[ AjokI kµipaUtrI pVHweI iv`c ividAwrQI keI pRkwr dIAW kµipaUtrI BwSwvW bwry is`Kdy hn[ ieh BwSwvW ividAwrQIAW ƒ pwTkRm dIAW gµuJldwr sm`isAwvW ƒ h`l krn iv`c mdd krdIAW hn[

keI sk¨lW Aqy kwljW iv`c kµipaUtr dI vrqoN AiDAwpk dI qrHW pVHwaux leI kIqI jWdI hY[ kµipaUtr iv`c iek Kws iksm dy pRogrwm dI mdd nwl pRSn Bry jWdy hn[ ividAwrQI ienHW pRSnW dy au`qr idµdy hn[ kµipaUtr AwDwrq pRIiKAw dy islisly mgroN kµipaUtr ividAwrQI ƒ nMbr-kwrf jwrI krdw hY[ ieµtrnY`t 'qy dyS-ivdyS dy v`K v`K AdwirAW iv`c KwlI peIAW AswmIAW dIAW ArzIAW mµgIAW jWdIAW hn qy Xog aumIdvwrW pwsoN bwieEfYtw Aqy ividAk pRmwx-p`qr ieµtrnY`t rwhIN mµgvw ley jWdy hn[ ieµj iksy audXogk jW ividAk SwKw rwhIN ieµtrnY`t dI mdd nwl dPqr iv`c Awpxy kµipaUtr swhmxy bYTy hI Xog aumIdvwr dI cox kr leI jWdI hY[

sk¨lW-kwljW iv`c kµipaUtr dy Awgmn kwrn AiDAwpkW dw tIicµg lof kwPI G`t igAw hY[ hux AiDAwpk Pursq dy plW ƒ pypr cY`k krn, Xojnw bxwaux Aqy ividAwrQI gqIivDIAW dw AgwaUN pRogrwm bxwaux leI vrq skdy hn[

'kYrIAr gwiefYNs' dyx leI Kws iksm dy swPt-vyAr Aqy pYkyj ividAwrQIAW ƒ Biv`K sbµDI shI syD idµdy hn[ kµipaUtr dI skrIn auqy pRdrSn krn vwly kµipaUtrI iKfOxy bwlW ƒ kµipaUtr inXµqrx krn Aqy isKwaux iv`c mdd krdy hn[ imswl vjoN bI·bI·sI· b`ugI nwmk iKfOxw bwlW leI iek bwl robt dw kµm krdw hoieAw Kyf Kyf iv`c is`Kx dI suivDw pRdwn krdw hY[

ivigAwnk KojW:

Koj pRXogSwlwvW dy AwkwS iv`c kµipaUtr iek Druv qwry dI qrHW cmk irhw hY[ Aµk ivigAwn dy Kyqr iv`c kµipaUtr dI vrqoN Aµk rwSIAW dI AOsq, m`Dmwn, m`D Awid dI gxnw krn leI kIqI jWdI hY[ pihlW Al`g Al`g kµipaUtrI BwSwvW iv`c kln ivDIAW jW iPr pRvwh sic`qrW dy rUp iv`c pRogrwm ilKy jWdy hn qy iPr ienHW pRogrwmW ƒ gixqk sm`isAwvW sulJwaux leI vriqAw jWdw hY[ Aijhy keI Kws iksm dy kµipaUtr swPt-vyAr Aqy pYkyjW dI vrqoN BOiqk ivigAwn, rswiexk ivigAwn, ieµjInIAirµg Awid KyqrW iv`c Koj kµmW leI kIqI jWdI hY[ Awaux vwly smyN iv`c Koj swPt-vyAr dI vrqoN vDx nwl Koj kwrj hor B`Kx dI aumId hY[

vpwrk kµmW:

bYNk, fwkGrW, srkwrI Aqy gYr-srkwrI mihkimAW iv`c kµipaUtr duAwrw kIqy jw rhy klYrIkl kµmW bwry AsIN sB BlIBWq jwxµU hW[ Aijhy keI dPqrW iv`c pµc kwrf, gxnwvW krn vwlIAW mSInW Aqy hor keI pRkwr dIAW ivSyS iksm dIAW gixqk mSInW dI vrqoN kIqI jw rhI hY[ keI AdB`uq kµipaUtrI pYkyjW ny vpwr jgq dy kµmW ƒ bhuq suKwlw bxw id`qw hY[ irportW, ib`lW, ivkrI Aqy Awmdn krW qoN lY ky gwhkW Aqy PrmW dy nW, pqy Awid ƒ Xwd r`Kxw kµipaUtr leI koeI v`fI g`l nhIN[